three_model_build makes a clean, deterministic .glb from a ready-made kind or a JSON spec: a node per part, UVs and normals, names as GLTFLoader shows them, +Y up, metres, front +Z. Each render below is three.js itself, headless, loading the built file with GLTFLoader. The numbers are the builder's own summary.
npx threesmith model build car -o public/models/car.glb npx threesmith model view public/models/car.glb # front, side and top views as text npx threesmith model lint public/models/car.glb --archetype car
Parameters per kind: threesmith model kinds or three_model_spec.
| Kind | What it makes |
|---|---|
house | A house or small building: walls, roof, windows, a door and an optional chimney. |
terrain | A heightmap terrain tile: a grid of ground heights from seeded noise (plains, hills, mountains or an island), with smooth normals, an optional lake and an optional river. Tiles with the same seed, tileSize and resolution continue each other exactly, so a world can be cut into tiles. |
sea | A sea: a flat, subdivided water plane at sea level (y = 0) for a wave shader, and a flat sea floor below it. The surface is a separate node so the water can follow the camera. |
airliner | A twin-engine passenger jet: a round fuselage with a curved nose and upswept tail cone, cockpit glazing and a row of cabin windows, doors, swept tapered wings with dihedral, winglets, ailerons and flap track fairings, turbofans with a fan and exhaust cone under the wings on pylons, a fin with rudder, a tailplane with elevators, a belly fairing, nav lights and landing gear with twin wheels. |
airship | An airship moored on the ground, 75 m long and 15 m across by default (a Zeppelin NT is 75 m): a streamlined envelope with a blunt nose, a long tapering tail, a mooring cone and four X-tail fins with hinged ruddervators. Style 0 is a classic silver zeppelin with a streamlined control car (window bands, windscreen, landing wheel) and engine cars on struts with pusher propellers; style 1 is steampunk: a canvas envelope with brass bands and a wooden boat gondola on ropes with a cabin, portholes, a funnel, brass rails and outrigger engines with wooden propellers. Nose +Z, resting on y = 0. |
ambulance | A modern European box ambulance: a van cab with a sloping bonnet, raked windscreen, glazed doors, mirrors, wheel arch trims and an interior with seats, dash and steering wheel; behind it a wider and taller patient compartment with a peak over the cab carrying a light bar, blue corner beacons and side flashers, battenburg checks or a red stripe, frosted windows, side lockers, a sliding side door, rear doors hinged at the outer edges, tall rear light clusters, a rear step and grab rails; underneath a ladder chassis, axles, fuel tank and exhaust, on steel van wheels, twin at the rear. |
apartment | A block of flats: a long brick block on a dark plinth with a flat roof behind a parapet with aluminium coping, framed windows with sills on every floor front and back, balconies with glass balustrades on the +Z front, a glazed stair core in the middle of the front with the entrance, a canopy and steps at its foot, gable windows, and a stair housing, plant and solar panels on the roof. |
arcade-cabinet | A classic upright arcade cabinet (a Midway Pac-Man is 1.73 x 0.64 x 0.86 m): plywood side panels with the stepped profile, side art and chrome T-molding, a lit marquee, a tilted monitor behind a black bezel with a maze game on screen and a speaker grille, a control panel with one or two joysticks (pivot at the base), fire and start buttons, and a coin door hinged on its left edge with coin mechanisms, reject buttons and a return cup; a service door and vents at the back. Three colour schemes. Faces +Z, stands on y = 0. |
barn | A farm barn: board-and-batten timber walls in barn red on a stone plinth, a slate gable roof with white barge boards, fascias and a ridge cupola with a weathervane, big hinged double doors with white X-braced frames in the +Z gable end, a hayloft hatch with a hay beam above them, a lamp over the doors and a row of four-pane windows along both long sides. |
barrel | A 55-gallon tight-head steel drum: a lathe-turned shell with rolled chimes at both rims, two swaged rolling hoops and pressed beads, a recessed top head (the lid) with an embossed ring and a large and a small bung, standing on y = 0. |
battle-axe | A battle axe standing on the end of its haft: an oval ash haft with an iron butt cap, a leather grip wrap and langets under the head, and a forged head whose eye wraps the haft, with a crescent blade (optionally bearded) towards +X and either a hammer poll or a second blade at the back, riveted, with an optional top spike. |
bicycle | A city bicycle: a diamond frame of round tubes with a sprung leather saddle, rear rack with lamp, mudguards, chain guard and kickstand; spoked wheels (36 laced spokes) on hubs with their pivot at the hub; a crank with chainring, arms and pedals that spins about the bottom bracket; and a fork with swept-back bar, grips, bell and lamp that steers the front wheel. |
birch | A silver birch: a slender, slightly leaning white trunk with dark horizontal lenticel marks and a dark, fissured foot, ascending limbs that end in hanging twigs, and a light, open, oval crown of small clusters in two fresh greens. The seed sets the marks and the branch layout; how much the twigs weep is a parameter. |
boat | A centre-console motorboat: a deep-V planing hull with chines and a raised sheer, floating on the waterline (y = 0), a navy topside stripe and rub rail, a teak cockpit sole and a non-skid casting deck, a console with windscreen and wheel, helm, aft and bow seats, a bow rail, and an outboard engine that steers about its transom mount. |
bookshelf | A freestanding wooden bookcase facing +Z: two sides with face strips, a plinth, a top with a crown moulding, a back panel and one to eight shelves with front lips, filled with rows of books whose thickness, height, depth and colour vary with a seed. |
boulder | A boulder: one irregular, faceted block of weathered rock with a seeded outline, sitting on a flat bed in the ground, with a cushion of moss over its top and a few loose stones at its foot. The seed changes the whole shape, so a field of boulders never repeats; size, proportions, how jagged it is, how deep it is set, the moss and the stones are parameters. |
bridge | A girder road bridge: a concrete deck slab on precast I-girders with an asphalt carriageway (centre and edge lines), a raised footway and an edge beam with a steel railing on each side, a row of piers under it (rounded columns on a pile cap with a hammerhead crosshead and bearings under every girder, and a diaphragm between the girders) and a stone-faced abutment with a backwall at each end. The deck is the walking and driving surface and the piers stand on the ground. |
bus-stop | A roadside bus shelter open to the road at +Z: a metal frame of back and front posts with rails, glass back panes with a white manifestation band, optional glass end panes and a lit advertising case at one end, a flat canopy with fascias and an LED strip, a cantilever bench with wooden slats and a backrest, a timetable in the shelter, and a separate bus stop pole beside it with a round flag sign and a timetable case. |
bus | A low-floor city bus: a body lofted from its side silhouette with real wheel arches and rounded corners, a see-through window band over seats, poles and the driver's place, a roof with cooling unit and hatches, a destination display and rabbit-ear mirrors, two glazed passenger doors on the right-hand side hinged at their front edge, and steel wheels (twin at the rear) with the pivot at the hub. |
bush | A shrub: a dome of many overlapping, lumpy leaf masses in two greens around a central core (a low ring whose count sets how full it is, a ring above it and a crown on top), over short woody stems; it stands on y = 0. |
cactus | A saguaro cactus: a tall pleated column with a domed top and arms that grow out, bend at an elbow and rise parallel to the trunk, every part ribbed with sharp grooves and round crests, and a crown of waxy white flowers with yellow centres on the trunk and arm tips in May and June. The arm count, their heights and their reach come from a seed, so a stand of saguaros never repeats; with no arms it is a young spear. |
campfire | A burning campfire: logs of varying size leaning together in a teepee (bark below, charred black above with glowing tips and pale cut ends), a glowing bed of embers with charcoal, translucent flame tongues with a marker for particles and a light, a scorched hearth and a ring of irregular stones, on y = 0. |
car | A four-door saloon: a body lofted from its side silhouette with real wheel arches and rounded shoulders, a glass greenhouse with roof and pillars over a visible interior, four doors, hood and trunk lid on their hinges, alloy wheels with the pivot at the hub, light clusters, grille and mirrors. |
castle | A square stone castle: four curtain walls on a footing with a wall-walk behind a crenellated parapet, arrow slits and a stair up from the paved courtyard; a round corner tower at each corner with a battered base, machicolations and a flared conical slate roof; a gatehouse in the +Z face with two drum towers, a portcullis, oak gates and a lowered drawbridge that meets a stone causeway over the moat; a square keep against the back wall with corner buttresses, bartizans, a hipped roof, a flag and an outside stair; a great hall with a tiled roof and chimney; and a well. |
chair | A solid-wood dining chair facing +Z: a seat of glued boards on an apron frame, four legs joined by an H-stretcher, and back legs that rise into raked posts holding a crest rail, a low rail and slats (back at -Z). |
church | A stone parish church: a long nave on a plinth with stepped buttresses between tall pointed (lancet) windows, a steep slate roof between coped gable parapets with a cross and a rose window at the east end, and a square west belfry at the +Z end with corner piers, string courses, a pointed doorway with steps, clock faces, paired louvred belfry openings, a parapet with corner pinnacles and an octagonal slate spire with lucarnes and a gilded cross. |
conifer | A spruce-like conifer: a straight, tapering trunk with a few dead twigs low down, and a narrow cone of eleven whorls of drooping, needle-covered branches around a dark core, each whorl turned against the one below and closer together towards the pointed leader. |
cow | A dairy cow in Holstein proportions: a deep lofted barrel with hooks and pins, a thick neck with a dewlap, a long head carried low with a broad pink muzzle, nostrils, eyes and sideways ears, irregular black (or red) patches on a white coat that follow the body, an udder with four teats, legs with knees, hocks that bend backwards and hooves, and a long tail with a switch. Horns are an option (most dairy cows are dehorned). Legs, knees, hocks, head and tail are nodes with their pivot at the joint. Head towards +Z, hooves on y = 0. |
crash-barrier | A motorsport guardrail section along z: H-section steel posts every 2 m on base plates, carrying two stacked galvanised W-beam rails on spacer blocks on the track side (-x), bolted through the valley of the beam, with a catch fence behind it: a welded wire mesh, three tensioning cables and a top tube, up to the fence height. Tile sections end to end along the edge of the run-off. |
crate | A nailed wooden shipping crate on two skids: walls of single boards with dark gaps between them, a batten frame with a diagonal brace on every wall, two-board corner posts, a braced lid of boards and rows of nail heads. Length is along z. |
crystal-cluster | A fantasy crystal cluster: a tall central crystal and a seeded spray of smaller ones leaning out of a faceted rock base. Every crystal is a six-sided prism with a pointed six-faced tip and sharp facet edges, in a translucent shell around a glowing core. Colour (amethyst, clear quartz, emerald, ice blue), the glow, the count, the spread and the height are parameters; the seed changes the arrangement. |
deer | A deer in the proportions of a red deer stag: a slender lofted body with a white rump patch, a long upright neck, a narrow head with big ears, eyes, a dark nose and a white chin, a pale belly, branched antlers whose beam sweeps up and out with a row of forward-pointing tines (count and size are parameters, or none for a hind), long thin legs with knees, hocks that bend backwards and small hooves, a short tail, and optional white spots like a sika or fallow deer. Legs, knees, hocks, head, ears and tail are nodes with their pivot at the joint. Head towards +Z, hooves on y = 0. |
delineator | A white roadside delineator post with a black band near the top and a reflector on the face that looks along +Z, towards the traffic. |
dog | A medium dog in the proportions of a labrador (a golden coat, darker ears and muzzle): a lofted body with a deep chest and a tucked-up belly, an arched neck with a collar and tag, a head with a stop, a muzzle, a black nose, eyes and ears that range from pricked to floppy, four legs with elbows, hocks that bend backwards and paws, and a tail that hangs or curls over the back. Legs, knees, hocks, head, ears and tail are nodes with their pivot at the joint, so it can be animated. Breed-like proportions (length, build, leg length, snout) are parameters. Head towards +Z, paws on y = 0. |
dragon | A four-legged dragon: a scaled, lofted body with a ridge of back plates, an S-curved neck, a horned head with brow ridges, glowing eyes, fangs and a hinged, half-open jaw, two bat wings hinged at the shoulders (arm bones, four fingers and a scalloped membrane), clawed legs whose knees and elbows bend the right way, and a long tail that sweeps down and ends in a spade. Every moving part is a node with its pivot at its joint. Head towards +Z, feet on y = 0. |
drone | A quadcopter: a rounded body with a top shell, front sensors, a battery and a camera on a gimbal, four tapered arms in an X with motor pods and status lights, twisted two-blade propellers that turn in opposite directions on neighbouring arms, and landing legs under the motors. |
excavator | A 20 t class crawler excavator: an undercarriage with two steel tracks with grousers, idlers, drive sprockets, track rollers and carrier rollers on track frames, a car body and a slewing ring; an upper structure with a rounded counterweight, engine hood with grilles and exhaust stack, fuel tank, toolbox and handrail, and a glazed operator's cab with seat, consoles and work lights on the left; and the digging arm: a banana boom, a stick and a toothed bucket, each pivoting on its pin, posed by inverse kinematics from where the bucket should be, with boom, stick and bucket cylinders that follow the pose. Optional dozer blade. |
fence | A section of wooden picket fence along z: a square post with a cap at each end, two horizontal rails fixed to the front of the posts and evenly spaced pickets with pointed tops nailed to the rails, the wood grain running along every board. Tile sections end to end to fence a longer line. |
fighter | A twin-engine jet fighter: a blended fuselage with leading-edge extensions, raked side intakes, a bubble canopy (hinged at its rear edge) over an ejection seat and instrument coaming, trapezoid wings with ailerons and wingtip missiles, canted twin fins with rudders, all-moving tailplanes, two nozzles, formation and nav lights and tricycle landing gear with doors. |
fire-hydrant | A pillar fire hydrant: a cast barrel on a bolted ground flange with a raised nozzle section, two hose outlets at the sides and a larger pumper outlet facing +Z, each with a threaded neck, a lugged cap, a pentagon nut and a hanging cap chain, and a domed bonnet with flange bolts, a weather shield and a pentagon operating nut on top. The barrel colour and the bonnet and cap colour (the flow-class code) are separate options. |
fire-truck | A European fire engine (a pumper): a forward-control crew cab with a raked windscreen, light bar, grille, mirrors, steps, glazed doors and seats inside; an equipment body with roller-shutter lockers along both sides, low lockers by the rear wheels, a rear pump compartment, hose reels, a roof deck with railings, an access ladder and reflective stripes; underneath the frame, axles, pump, tank and exhaust on truck wheels, twin at the rear. The ladder is an extension ladder on a roof rack or a turntable aerial ladder with four outriggers; red, lime-yellow or white. |
flower | A flower: a slender stem that bows a little under its head, two arching leaves set alternately low on the stem, and a head turned slightly to the front: a green calyx, two rows of broad, arched petals around a domed centre. The petal count, the height and the head size are parameters. |
forklift | A counterbalance forklift truck (2.5 t class): a short chassis with fenders over large drive wheels at the front and small steered wheels under a heavy rounded counterweight at the rear, a hood with the driver's seat, a dash cowl with hydraulic levers and a steering wheel, and an overhead guard with work lights and a beacon. At the front a two-stage mast tilts about its foot; the inner mast slides up once the free lift is used, and the carriage with its load backrest and two forks lifts inside it. Electric with a charging plug or LPG with a gas bottle; optional glazing. |
gas-station | A fuel station facing +Z: a concrete forecourt, raised pump islands with rounded noses, yellow bollards and columns, fuel dispensers with screens, price displays, keypads, holsters and hoses on both sides, a flat canopy with a white fascia, a lit brand stripe and downlights in the soffit, a shop behind it with a glazed front, door, canopy over the door, roof units and a brand band, and a price pylon at the front corner. |
go-kart | A sprint racing kart to CIK-FIA sizes: a low tubular steel frame with side rails, cross members, kingpins, bearing hangers and a solid rear axle with brake disc and sprocket; a moulded bucket seat, pedals, fuel tank and a steering column with a three-spoke wheel; small slick tyres on alloy rims, wider at the rear, with the front wheels steering about their kingpins; a two-stroke engine with finned cylinder, carburettor, airbox and expansion-chamber exhaust beside the seat, or an electric motor with battery packs; and plastic nose cone, front panel, side pods and rear bumper with number plates. |
grandfather-clock | A mahogany longcase (grandfather) clock facing +Z: a plinth on bracket feet, a trunk with a hinged, glazed door, a hood with columns, a glazed square dial with a chapter ring, numerals and brass spandrels, hour and minute hands that turn about z at the dial centre (set by hour and minute), a seconds pendulum (0.994 m) whose pivot is its suspension, brass weights on chains, and a flat cornice or an arched bonnet with finials. |
grandstand | A covered grandstand along z: stepped concrete rows rising towards -x, split into blocks of seats with backrests by stepped aisles with handrails, a front wall with track-side boards and a railing, sloping end screens, a back wall with a glazed concourse and doors, and a cantilevered roof on masts with tie rods, a fascia and floodlights. The front (x = 0) faces +x: turn it so +x points at the track. |
grass | A tuft of grass: creased, tapering blades that grow from a low mound of thatch, each arching outwards by its own amount and to its own height, with a few dry, straw-coloured blades among the green ones. Scatter many tufts for a meadow. |
greenhouse | A garden greenhouse with its door at the +Z gable: a brick base wall with a concrete floor and path, an aluminium frame of studs, sills, eaves and transoms with glass side walls, a gable roof (glass slopes, rafters and a ridge bar) or an arched roof (a curved glass shell on hoops), glazed gable ends, a sliding glass door on a track, hinged roof vents that open about the ridge, and staging with a shelf and potted plants along one side. |
guard-rail | A length of steel guard rail along z: posts every 2 m, a spacer block on each post and a corrugated beam that faces the traffic on +X. Segments whose length is a multiple of 2 m tile end to end. |
helicopter | A medium twin-engine helicopter: a two-tone cabin with a glass cockpit and seats inside, framed doors and cabin windows, engine cowling with intakes and exhausts, a rotor head with blade grips and tip-painted blades that pitch about their root, a tail boom (its length follows the rotor) with fin, endplate stabiliser and tail rotor, skids, nav lights and antennas. |
horse-carriage | A horse-drawn coach for historic or fantasy scenes (the horse is not included): a curved, lacquered body on elliptic leaf springs with glazed doors, quarter and front windows, a black roof with a luggage rail, a driver's box with cushion, footboard and coach lamps, and a trunk at the rear; four wooden spoked wheels with iron tyres and brass caps, larger at the rear; a perch, a fifth wheel and a turning forecarriage with the front axle, splinter bar and two shafts for one horse. Open, it becomes a landau with benches and a folded hood; ornate, it gets gold mouldings, a crown, finials and gilded lamps. |
horse | A horse in true proportions (a bay with black legs, mane and tail): a lofted barrel with withers, back and croup, a deep, arched neck with a mane, a long head carried nose-down with eyes, nostrils, pricked ears and a forelock, slender legs with knees, hocks that bend backwards, fetlocks, pasterns and hooves, and a full tail. Every leg, joint, the head and the tail is a node with its pivot at the joint. Head towards +Z, hooves on y = 0. |
hot-air-balloon | A hot air balloon at rest on its basket, about 22 m high and 16 m across (a 2,500 m3 sport balloon): a natural teardrop envelope of 24 gores with every other gore in the stripe colour, an optional equator band, a crown vent and a fabric skirt at the mouth; eight load cables to a steel load frame on four rods with padded sleeves; a double propane burner with coils, valves and pilot lights; and a square wicker basket with a leather rim, handles, skids and propane tanks. Three colour schemes. Stands on y = 0, the envelope round the y axis. |
hovercraft | A passenger hovercraft resting on its inflated skirt at y = 0: a black bag skirt with finger seams around a buoyancy-tank hull with a red rubbing strake, deck, railings, bollards and lights; a long passenger cabin with a raked glazed front, framed side windows, doors, a wheelhouse and roof units; one or two ducted five-blade propellers at the stern on pylons, each with two air rudders behind it, and lift fan intakes on the deck. Optional radar mast. |
humanoid | A person in a T-pose for rigging, in real proportions (about 7.5 heads tall): a shaped torso and hips, a neck and a head with hair, eyes, nose and ears, arms with elbows, hands with fingers and a thumb, legs with knees and shoes, in a T-shirt and trousers. Every limb is a node with its pivot at the joint (shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle, neck). Faces +Z, feet on y = 0. |
jet-engine | A turbofan engine on a transport stand: a nacelle with a polished intake lip and panel seams, a fan of twisted, swept wide-chord blades on a spinner that spins about the engine axis, outlet guide vanes, a core cowl, a core exhaust nozzle with a plug, and a yellow stand with cradles and casters. It stands on y = 0 with the intake facing +Z. |
lantern | A hanging hurricane oil lantern standing on its tank: a painted (red, green, black) or galvanised fuel tank with a filler cap, a brass burner with a wick knob, a clear glass globe with wire guards, two air tubes up to a vented cap, a bail handle on a hinge (it folds down about x), and an emissive flame on the wick. |
light-aircraft | A high-wing single-engine propeller aeroplane: a cowled nose with air inlets and exhaust, a cabin with windscreen, side windows, door frames and seats inside, strut-braced tapered wings with flaps and ailerons, a tailplane with elevators, a swept fin with dorsal fillet and rudder, a twisted two-blade propeller with spinner, fixed tricycle gear with wheel fairings, a two-colour cheat line, nav lights and a beacon. |
lighthouse | A coastal lighthouse: a tapering round tower on a stone plinth with entrance steps, painted in red, black or no bands, small windows that climb in a spiral with the stair inside, a corbelled gallery with railings, a glazed lantern room with astragals, a glowing lens on a pedestal, a green domed cap with a vent ball and lightning rod, and an optional keeper's house with a tiled roof and chimney beside it. The door faces +Z. |
lunar-lander | A lunar lander, 7 m high by default like the Apollo Lunar Module (9.4 m across the gear): an octagonal descent stage in gold foil with black panels and a gimballed engine bell; three to six landing legs, each a node hinged at the top of its main strut, with secondary struts, a downlock, a dish footpad and a contact probe; a ladder and porch on the front leg; and an ascent stage: Apollo-style (crew cabin with two triangular windows, hatch, docking tunnel, aft equipment bay, four RCS quads, S-band dish, rendezvous radar and VHF antennas) or a fictional modern conical crew capsule. Hatch to +Z, footpads on y = 0. |
market-stall | A wooden market stall with its counter facing +Z: four posts on feet with side rails, a front beam and a higher back beam carrying a sloping striped canvas awning that overhangs the front with a scalloped valance, a planked counter with a front apron, bearers and a lower shelf, crates of apples, oranges and greens on the counter, a stack of spare crates underneath, and a chalkboard sign on the apron. |
mars-rover | A six-wheeled Mars rover the size of Curiosity (3.0 x 2.8 x 2.2 m): a white warm electronics box with a deck, gold front panel and hazard cameras; rocker-bogie suspension on each side (Rocker_L/R pivoting on the body, linked by a differential bar, each carrying a Bogie) with six aluminium wheels with spokes and grousers, the four corner wheels on steering nodes; a remote sensing mast with Mastcam, Navcam and ChemCam on a pan head; a robotic arm (stowed or deployed) with a turret holding a drill, hand lens and spectrometer; high-gain, UHF and low-gain antennas; and either an RTG with fins at the back or solar panel wings. Front +Z, wheels on y = 0. |
mech-walker | A sci-fi bipedal battle mech, 9 m tall by default (real piloted walkers are 4-8.5 m, game mechs 8-14 m): an armoured torso with a tinted cockpit canopy, searchlights, heat-sink fins, exhausts and an antenna, which turns on a twist ring on the pelvis; gun arms with a rotary or single cannon and a magazine; shoulder missile pods with a grid of tubes; and digitigrade (reverse-joint) or humanoid legs with hip actuators, knee guards, pistons, ankles and three-toed feet. Torso (twist), Arm_L/R (shoulder), Elbow, Leg_L/R (hip), Knee, Ankle and Foot are nodes with their pivot on the joint axis. Faces +Z, feet on y = 0. |
motorcycle | A naked motorcycle: a trellis frame with a finned twin engine, radiator and exhaust headers into a side silencer, a sculpted tank, seat and tail, a swingarm with chain and shock, and a fork on a raked steering head that carries the handlebar, headlight, mirrors and the front wheel with twin discs; cast wheels with the pivot at the hub. |
mushroom | A mushroom, from a 18 cm fly agaric in the woods to a giant fantasy toadstool: a lathed stem with a bulbous foot and a scaly volva, a hanging ring, a cap that blends from a dome to a flat plate or a bell, gills underneath as fine radial ridges, warts in seeded rings that follow the cap, and small sprouts at the foot. Three styles: a red fly agaric with white warts, a brown cep, and a violet fantasy mushroom with glowing gills and spots. |
palm | A coconut-style palm: a slim, gently leaning trunk ringed with leaf scars and swollen at the foot, a crown shaft with a cluster of coconuts, and a ring of long, arching feather fronds whose leaflets hang down on both sides of the midrib; every frond is its own node with its pivot at the crown, so it can sway. |
piston-engine | An air-cooled inline piston engine: a ribbed aluminium crankcase on a finned sump with mounting feet, a row of finned cast-iron cylinder barrels with a finned head and red rocker cover on each, pushrod tubes, exhaust runners into a collector, an intake plenum with air filter, injection pump and fuel lines, an alternator on a belt, a starter, and an exposed flywheel with a ring gear. The pistons (one per barrel, alternately up and down), the crankshaft with its throws and pulley, and the flywheel are separate nodes so they can move. |
potion-bottle | A potion bottle standing on y = 0: a hollow glass round flask, tall vial or conical flask with a lip at the neck, a coloured liquid inside to the fill level (red, blue, green or purple, glowing or not), a tapered cork, and a paper tag tied round the neck with twine. |
power-pylon | A lattice transmission pylon for a double circuit: four legs on concrete footings that lean in to a waist and run straight up a cage, X-braced on every face with a strut at each panel, an anti-climbing guard, three lattice crossarms on each side (the middle one longest) with a string of glass cap-and-pin insulator discs, a clamp and a grading ring hanging from every tip, and an earthwire peak on top. |
race-kerb | A red-and-white race kerb along z, 1.2 m wide: painted concrete blocks about 1.5 m long that rise in a smooth convex curve from flush at the track edge (x = 0) to 6 cm, with chamfered ends and a rounded concrete lip along the outer edge. The blocks are spaced evenly over the length (an even number, red first), so sections tile end to end. Lay it on the track surface at the apex or the exit of a corner. |
railway-track | A length of standard-gauge railway track along z: a ballast bed with sloped shoulders, concrete monoblock sleepers about every 0.6 m with cast-in shoulders, rail pads and spring clips, and two flat-bottomed rails (UIC 60 profile, inclined 1:40) with their heads 1.435 m apart and a polished running band. The sleepers are spaced evenly over the length, so segments tile end to end. |
road | A straight road segment along z: a crowned asphalt surface with a dashed centre line and solid edge lines, a concrete channel with gully grates along each edge, a raised kerb on each side made of 1 m units, and a paved pavement behind it with an edging strip. The markings and kerb units are spaced evenly over the length, so segments tile end to end. |
robot | A friendly humanoid service robot, about 1.25 m tall (between a Pepper and an ASIMO): a white moulded torso with a status light, a chest panel and a battery pack, a rounded head with a dark screen face showing glowing eyes and a smile, ear pods and an antenna, arms with shoulder, elbow and wrist joints and jointed fingers and a thumb, and legs with hip, knee and ankle joints. Head (neck), Arm_L/R (shoulder), Elbow, Hand, Leg_L/R (hip), Knee and Foot are nodes with their pivot on the joint axis. Three accent colours. Faces +Z, feet on y = 0. |
rocket | A two-stage launch rocket standing upright on its engines: a ring of hollow nozzle bells (pivot at the throat) under a heat shield, a first stage with aft skirt, intertank band and cable raceway, four airfoil fins, a dark interstage, a second stage and an ogive payload fairing with its split line. |
rowing-boat | A clinker-built double-ended rowing boat: lapped planking painted white outside with a varnished sheer strake, a varnished lining, bent ribs, stems and keel strip, three thwarts on risers and knees, floorboards, bronze oarlocks on the gunwale and a pair of oars that pivot in them. The waterline is y = 0. |
sailboat | A cruiser-racer sloop: a round-bilge hull with dark topsides and a teak toe rail, a recessed cockpit with benches and a wheel, a coachroof with windows and a sprayhood, a fin keel with a lead bulb and a spade rudder, a deck-stepped mast with spreaders and standing rigging, lifelines, and cambered mainsail (on a boom that swings about the mast) and jib. |
satellite | A communications satellite on its launch adapter ring: a box-shaped bus in crinkled gold foil with mirror radiators on the sides, a solar array wing on each side (a yoke and three cell panels with bus bars, hinged at the bus), two large reflectors with feed horns on arms, a small top dish, horns and an omni antenna, star trackers and thrusters at the corners. |
seaplane | A single-engine high-wing floatplane (a Cessna 172 on EDO floats is 8.3 m long with an 11 m span): the light aircraft's airframe with cowling, cabin, strut-braced wings with flaps and ailerons, tail with elevators and rudder and a two-blade propeller, set on two aluminium floats with a flat deck, chines, a V bottom and a step, hatches, cleats and bow bumpers, joined by N-struts, spreader bars and bracing wires, with water rudders hinged at the sterns. Nose +Z, standing on the float keels at y = 0. |
shield | A medieval shield standing on its lowest point with its face to +Z: a curved (heater, kite) or domed (round) plank board, a painted field in one of four colours or bare wood, a gold cross or quartered charge, an iron or rawhide rim, iron studs, an optional iron boss, and a leather handle and batten on the back. |
ship | A container ship: a lofted steel hull with a raked, flared bow, a bulb and a transom stern, red antifouling below the waterline, container stacks on hatch covers, an aft accommodation block with a winged bridge, funnel and radar mast, a free-fall lifeboat, a rudder and a five-blade propeller. |
shipping-container | An ISO shipping container, 8 ft wide and 8 ft 6 in tall (9 ft 6 in high cube): trapezoidal corrugated side and front walls, a roof with shallow bows, corner posts, rails and corner castings with apertures, forklift pockets, and recessed double doors at the rear (-z) hinged at the outer edges, each with corrugated panels, two locking bars with cams, guides and handles, and keepers on the frame. |
snowman | A snowman of three hand-rolled snowballs on a drift of snow, with coal eyes, a coal smile and coal buttons, a carrot nose, stick arms with twigs, a knitted scarf with a hanging end, and a hat: a top hat with a band, a zinc bucket or a knitted beanie with a pompom. Height, the hat, the scarf, the arms and how far they are raised, the buttons, the nose and how far it has melted are parameters. The head turns about its base and the arms pivot where they go into the body. |
sofa | An upholstered sofa facing +Z: a fabric frame on tapered walnut legs, one to four seat cushions with piping, matching back cushions that lean back on the back frame, rolled or square track arms (or armless), and two throw pillows in the corners. |
space-station | A modular space station like the ISS (109 x 73 m): a row of pressurised modules along z with ribs, end cones, handrails and windows, joined by connectors; a cross node with docking ports on both sides and a seven-window cupola; docking ports fore and aft; a long lattice truss along x on a pylon, with battens and a centre segment; solar array units at both truss ends, each with a rotary joint and a wing fore and aft (mast, two cell blankets with a grid, tip and canister), every wing a node hinged at the truss; radiator panels; and a robotic arm on a mobile base. +Y is zenith; the cupola rests on y = 0. |
spaceship | A small science-fiction fighter: a lifting-body hull with a dark spine and accent stripes, a bubble cockpit (+Z) over a seat, side intakes, swept wings with a cannon at each tip, two engine nacelles with glowing nozzles (pivot at the throat) and canted fins, nav lights, RCS blocks, a sensor dome, and three landing legs hinged at the hull that it stands on (y = 0). |
stone-golem | A fantasy stone golem built from bevelled blocks of rock: short thick legs with knees and blocky feet, a pelvis, a belly and a massive chest, huge shoulder stones with glowing crystals growing from them, long heavy arms with elbows and fists that hang to the knees, and a small head sunk between the shoulders with a brow ridge, a jaw and glowing eyes. Runes carved on the chest and forearms glow, or are dark grooves when the glow is off. Every block is slightly off square from a seed. Arms, elbows, hands, legs, knees and the head are nodes with their pivot at the joint. Faces +Z, feet on y = 0. |
street-lamp | A street lamp: a conical galvanised steel pole on a flanged base with a bolt cover and a service door, a curved outreach arm that bends out towards +Z over the road and rises slightly, and a flat LED luminaire on its end with a glowing drop lens underneath and a photocell on top. |
submarine | A submarine surfaced at the waterline (y = 0): a lathe-turned pressure hull with an elliptic bow and a long tapered stern, a deck casing with hatches, a foil-shaped sail with a bridge and five masts (two periscopes, radar, snorkel, comms) that slide up, diving planes on the bow or on the sail, four stern rudders in a cross or X layout hinged at their leading edges, and a seven-blade bronze propeller or a shrouded pump-jet. Military style adds anechoic tiling, flank sonar arrays, torpedo doors and limber holes; exploration style is yellow and white with viewports, floodlights and manipulator arms. |
sword | A medieval sword standing on its pommel with the point up: a tapering double-edged steel blade with a fuller, a crossguard (straight, curved or swept), a cord-wrapped leather grip with steel ferrules and a wheel, pear or ball pommel; a fantasy option gives a leaf blade with a glowing rune line and a gem. |
table | A solid-wood farmhouse table: a top of planks along the length with a breadboard end across each end, four square legs, an apron frame under the top (front, back and side rails) and a low H-stretcher. Length is along z. |
tank | A main battle tank: a hull with sloped glacis, fenders and segmented side skirts; two track loops with grousers over a drive sprocket, an idler and a row of rubber-tyred road wheels on each side; and a faceted turret with cupola, sights, smoke launchers and bustle rack on the vertical turret-ring axis, carrying a gun with bore evacuator and muzzle that elevates about its trunnion. |
tavern | A medieval timber-framed inn with its door on the +Z front: a stone ground floor with dressed quoins and a plinth, one or two jettied upper storeys on projecting joists with a bressumer, dark posts, rails, braces and plates over plastered infill, glowing leaded windows, timbered gable ends with a king post, a steep tiled or thatched roof with a ridge roll and barge boards, a brick chimney with pots, a plank door hinged at its side with iron straps and a ring pull, a gabled porch on posts, a hanging sign on an iron bracket that swings about x, and a barrel by the door. |
teapot | A glazed teapot standing on its foot ring with the spout towards +Z: a turned (lathe) belly in a round, squat or tall pear shape, a tapering spout that rises from the lower belly to above the rim, a loop handle at the back, a domed lid with an inner lip and a knob, in white porcelain, brown glaze or celadon, with optional gold bands. |
tower | A high-rise office tower: a stone-clad podium on a paved plaza with a glazed ground floor and a glass entrance with a canopy, revolving door and steps on the +Z side, a curtain-wall shaft of dark glass with aluminium mullions, floor bands and recessed corners, a setback upper block with a terrace, a louvred plant crown and a tapering mast with a warning light. |
tractor | A four-wheel-drive farm tractor: a rounded hood with grille, lights and front ballast, a glazed four-post cab with roof lights, seat and steering, big rear and smaller front wheels with chevron-lug tyres and their pivot at the hub, fenders, exhaust stack and a three-point hitch on its hinge. |
traffic-light | A three-aspect road traffic signal with separate red, amber and green lenses, red at the top, a dark signal head, and a steel pole with a ground-level mounting plate. The red lens is emissive; the other aspects remain unlit until animated. |
traffic-sign | A round road sign on a steel pole: a red-rimmed white plate that faces +Z, two clamps that hold it, and a cap on the pole. Put the symbol or speed on the face with a texture or a shader. |
train | An electric railcar with a cab at each end: a body lofted from its side silhouette with streamlined noses, raked windscreens, a rounded roof with cooling units and a pantograph, tinted window panes, livery stripes and two double sliding doors per side; underfloor equipment, and two bogies with springs, dampers and axle boxes that turn about their centre, carrying flanged wheels on standard gauge (1.435 m) with the pivot at the hub. |
tram | A low-floor articulated city tram: 3 to 7 carbody sections with rounded roofs, tinted window bands with framed panes, a double sliding door per side on every section, livery stripes, roof coolers and optional side skirts, joined by bellows articulations; a raked glazed cab at each end with headlights, tail lights, a destination display, wiper and mirror arms; motor bogies under every other section (and the last), with frames, springs and flanged wheels on standard gauge, and a single-arm pantograph that can be raised to the wire. |
treasure-chest | A pirate treasure chest with its lock facing +Z: a body of oak planks lined with red velvet, iron bands with rivets and corner fittings, iron drop handles on the ends, a brass lock plate with a keyhole, and a barrel-vaulted (or low) lid on two back hinges whose pivot is the hinge line, so it opens by turning about x; it can be filled with gold coins. |
tree | A broadleaf tree: a flared trunk with surface roots that forks into curving limbs, each with a side twig, and a domed crown of overlapping lumpy clusters of foliage at the limb and twig ends, in two shades of green. The branch count is a parameter. |
truck | A rigid box lorry: a cab-over cab with a see-through windscreen and interior (dash and seats), roof deflector, grille, bumper lights, mirrors and doors; a ribbed cargo box with rear doors on a ladder frame with fuel tanks, silencer, side guards and underrun bar; a steering front axle and two rear axles with twin steel wheels, every wheel with its pivot at the hub. |
vending-machine | A snack vending machine (an AMS 39 is 1.83 x 0.99 x 0.89 m): a cabinet with an open, lit interior, product trays with wire spirals and packets in six colours behind the glass, a front door hinged on its left edge (-x) holding the glass, a lit header sign, the payment column with display, 12-key keypad, coin slot, bill acceptor, card reader, coin return and T-handle lock, and a delivery bin with a push flap hinged on its top edge. Faces +Z, stands on four levelling feet on y = 0. |
viking-longship | A Viking longship floating at the waterline (y = 0): a long, open, clinker-built oak hull with sheer rising to the ends, five overlapping strakes and a gunwale per side, keel, keelson, floor boards, crossbeams and rowers' sea chests; tall stem and stern posts, the stem with a carved dragon head or a scroll; a row of oars through oar ports on each side that sweep about their ports; round painted shields along the shield rail; a mast with yard, shrouds, stays and sheets carrying a bellied square sail in red and white stripes or plain red that can be furled; and a steering oar on the right side at the stern. |
water-tower | An elevated water tower: a steel tank with a rounded bottom, stiffening hoops, a conical roof with a vent and a red aviation light on a finial, a central riser pipe and a balcony with brackets and railings. It stands either on splayed steel legs with concrete footings, horizontal struts and X-bracing rods, with a ladder up the front leg, or on a tapering concrete column with a flared head, a door at its foot facing +Z and slit windows. |
well | A village draw well: a round wall of staggered stone blocks on a mortar core with a plinth and a coping ring, a dark shaft with water a little below the rim, two timber posts with feet and knee braces carrying a ridge beam and a shingled gable roof with barge boards, and a windlass (winch) between the posts with an iron axle, rope coil and crank handle that turns about x, plus a hooped wooden bucket on its rope. |
wind-turbine | A modern wind turbine: a tapered steel tower in flanged sections with a door, landing and steps on a concrete foundation, a streamlined nacelle with a cooler, met mast and aviation beacon that yaws on the tower top, and a rotor with a spinner and three twisted airfoil blades (round roots, red tips) that spins about the horizontal axis at hub height. Blades pitch about their root. |
windmill | A traditional Dutch tower mill: a tapering eight-sided brick tower on a stone plinth with a green door and small white-framed windows, a stage (gallery) with railing and braces, a thatched boat-shaped cap that turns about the tower axis (with its tail pole and winding wheel down to the stage, on the same axis), and four lattice sails with furled sailcloth on a slightly tilted axle that spin about their hub. |
wizard-tower | A fantasy wizard's tower: a slender, slightly tapering round stone tower on a stepped plinth with a string course at every floor and glowing arched windows that turn round the tower floor by floor, an arched portal with a strapped wooden door hinged at its side facing +Z, a corbelled top room with four large windows and a wooden balcony on brackets, and a steep flared slate roof with a dormer whose crooked spire leans over and carries a golden finial with a glowing orb. |
Threesmith